Researchers from the 2020 study suggested that variations in results may exist because of factors like weather and sample timing. However, other studies, including a 2012 study, have found the opposite to be true. Certain people may be more prone to developing depression in the face of stress.Ī small 2020 study found no significant difference in cortisol levels before and after treatment in participants with major depressive disorder (MDD), even when treatment was successful and symptoms decreased.

This review also notes that many people with depression have high cortisol levels.ĭoes that mean that high levels of cortisol are the main cause of depression? Not necessarily.Įxperiencing chronic stress doesn’t always mean that you’ll develop depression. The HPA axis is the region of the brain that produces cortisol. Some researchers believe that this is because chronic stress leads to consistently high cortisol levels, which can affect the brain.Īnother 2015 review says that stressful events may cause psychological changes and brain changes, specifically in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. biological factors, such as hormone levelsĪccording to a 2015 review, chronic stress can lead to mental health conditions like depression and anxiety.genetic factors, which are largely inherited from your parents.environmental factors, such as stressful or traumatic events.

While people often associate cortisol with stress, the hormone also helps regulate metabolism, inflammation, blood sugar, and more.Įxperts still don’t know exactly what causes depression, but a combination of factors may be involved, including:

Low cortisol